Neuromelanin, eumelanin, pheomelanin changes

 
The main reason why a person's skin color is fair or dark is genetics and the amount of a pigment called melanin. 
 



Amount and type of melanin 

• Melanin is the main substance that determines the color of the skin, hair, and eyes. 
• The more melanin, the darker the skin. 
• The less melanin, the fairer the skin. 
 
The three main types of melanin
1. Eumelanin: Gives the skin and hair a brown or black color. 
2. Pheomelanin: Gives the skin a reddish or yellowish tint and makes it fair. Too much pheomelanin sometimes increases the risk of skin cancer due to low UV resistance. 
3. Neuromelanin: It is mainly found in the brain, has no direct relationship with skin color. However, the body is light brown or dark brown to black in color. 
 
2. Hormonal and health factors 
• Some hormonal problems, such as Addison's disease or hyperpigmentation, can darken the skin color. • In some cases, skin diseases or long-term malnutrition can change the color of the fair skin, making it look dark or brown. 
• If normal life is disrupted or due to problems such as daily sleep, difficulty, etc., fair skin can turn brown and brown skin can turn dark. 
 
3. Sunlight (UV Radiation) 
• When the sun's UV rays are exposed to more, the body produces more melanin, resulting in dark skin. • This melanin acts as a natural sunscreen to protect against sunlight. 
 
4. Genetic influence 
• A person's skin color is determined by the genes they inherit from their parents. 
• The skin color of people of different races and regions varies due to their origin and environmental adaptation. 
 
5. Age and environment 
• Children's skin can gradually darken or lighten after birth. 
• Melanin production changes with weather and environment. 
 
Genes and melanin are mainly responsible for human skin color, but environment, sunlight, health conditions, etc. also have an effect. Therefore, being fair or dark is natural and varied.

 

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